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A heart attack is a medical emergency caused by a blockage occurring in one or more of the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart muscles. The obstruction usually takes the form of a blood clot that prevents part of the heart tissue being supplied with oxygen.
This lack of blood supply and oxygen can cause injury to the heart muscle and if supply is prevented for more than 20 minutes, the part of the muscle tissue failing to receive blood may die. This restricted blood flow and oxygen supply is referred to medically as ischemia and the tissue death that occurs as a result is called infarction. A heart attack is also called myocardial infarction.
Some factors that can increase the risk for heart attack are described below: