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Many are unaware of the risk factors of carcinoid tumors of the lung. Through many scientific studies, researchers have found that changes in the lungs, due to dangerous chemicals or radiation, cause carcinoma, which is a typical lung cancer. However, these components are not considered significant in the increased risk of lung carcinoid tumors.
The causes for carcinoid tumors are obscure. Genetic factors are thought to be implicated in addition to a myriad of other factors. Anomalies in chromosomes comprise differences such as loss of heterogeneity and numerical imbalances.
Risk Factors Causing Carcinoid
The formation of carcinoid tumors is infrequent. There is not much knowledge about the factors that lead to these tumors, and physicians consider that, in most cases, they occur unexpectedly. A risk factor is that which leads to acquiring a disease. Risk factors depend on the type of cancer. It is not absolute that one or more risk factors will cause cancer. It can be seen that a person with no risk factors may get cancer, whereas a person with many risk factors may not get cancer.
Ethnic background: African descendants are a little more exposed to carcinoids than are people of Caucasian descent.
Gender: In general, relatively more women develop carcinoids than men.
Diabetes: These tumors are more common in long-term diabetic patients.
Other medical conditions: An inflammation in the stomach lining for a long period (called chronic atrophic gastritis) increases the risk in the stomach. The presence of MEN 1 or a syndrome called Zollinger Ellison, a condition where the stomach secretes more acid than usual, creates a higher risk of stomach carcinoid.
Possible risk factors: It is not quite clear whether the risk factors increase the chance of tumors.
Age: The age for examining GI carcinoid tumors is 55–65 and for lung carcinoid tumors, between 45–55. There is less chance of cancers affecting children.
Saturated fats: Some studies suggest that the intake of more saturated fat increases the risk for carcinoid in the small intestine in comparison with intake of low saturated fat. However, more research has to be done in this area.
Smoking and alcohol: These increase one’s chances of developing carcinoid.
Obesity: Unnaturally obese people, having body mass index greater than 35, have twice the risk of cancer in the small intestine in comparison with those of normal weight.
Hormone therapy: This is another risk factor and is believed to be dependent on the type and duration of the therapy.
Physicians have the knowledge that the onset of tumors may be very small and that they gradually increase. The microscopic view of some parts removed from patients indicates small clusters of neuroendocrine cells that look similar to tiny carcinoids. However, scientists are still unclear about the reason why some remain small and some grow to cause signs of illness.